In the summer season, mangoes are very popular fruits. In India alone, there are more than 1500 varieties of mangoes. Once you plant a mango tree, it can produce mangoes for more than 50 years.
Mangoes are healthier, rich, and provide Magnesium and Potassium to the body.
The mango farming business is profitable it doesn't get affected by seasonal storms and natural disasters.
Let's understand the mango farming business in one hectare with estimated investment and profit.
Mango farming and yield
Mango farming follows the season-wise production of the cycle. We can get only one harvesting of mangoes in a year.
A mango plant takes 4 to 7 years to bear fruit for the first time. Later, the mango tree bear mangoes per year.
Mango yield per hectare
- Mango yield from a single tree- 60 to 70 kg
- Number of mango trees in one hectare- 180 to 200
Total mango yield from one hectare- 12 tones to 15 tones
Requirements to grow Mango
To start a mango farm, you need to understand the requirements first. Following are some basic requirements for mango farming-
Soil and pH
Mango trees grow better in alluvial soil, sandy soil, drain loamy soil, etc. For mango trees, soil pH must range between 5.4 to 7.3.
The above-mentioned soil must be rich with all the natural ingredients and components with even fertility.
Temperature and climate
Mango can grow in low temperatures from 12 degrees Celcius to 40 degrees Celcius easily. The best-known climate for mango farming is the tropical climate. It is seen that with some arrangements, we can practice mango farming even in subtropical climates.
At the time of fruit appearance on mango trees, we need higher temperatures and low humidity. For the rest of the period(till harvesting), we need 10% to 15% humidity for mango farming.
Rainfall
Although mango trees bear fruits in the summer season, for the overall production, we need proper rainfall of 900 to 950 mm in a year.
For the mid-period(when fruit becomes mature), we need showers of rainfall often.
Fertilizers
If soil is rich with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, then we can use organic compost to grow mango plants in a limited amount.
But if the soil is less fertile and the pH is disturbed of the soil, then we need a proper NPK fertilizer for mango farming.
It should be realized that we need to use fertilizer during soil preparation, before starting the season, and before bearing fruits.
Season of growing mango
In India, mango farming starts in the month of July-August(sowing of seeds). After four to five months from sowing seeds, mango starts to appear from mid of March. It takes 4 to 5 months to get mature for raw mangoes.
In Later June to starting of July, we harvest Mangoes.
Harvesting of mango
In between four to five years, mango trees start to bear mangoes. The certain period of harvesting depends on the variety of mango but generally, it takes 4 to 5 months for raw green mangoes to become mature.
It takes huge manpower to harvest mangoes. Even we need a huge number of containers to collect them.
Everyone should always be aware of the mango sap during harvesting.
Storage of mango
Unfortunately, matured mangoes can't be stored for more than 5 to 7 days. Even in the freezer, it is not good to store them for more than 10 days. But we can store green mangoes for at least 12 to 15 days in the freezer and in cold places.
Some people store mango pulp in their freezers which is a good idea but the best time is to use them as soon as possible after harvesting.
Investment in mango farming per hectare
- First-year investment- 10,000 INR
- Second-year investment- 8,000 INR
- Third-year investment- 8,000 INR
- Fourth-year investment- 10,000 INR
- Fifth-year investment- 11,000 INR
Total investment till first harvesting- 47,000 INR
Profit in mango farming per hectare
- Price of 1 kg mangoes- 32 INR/Kg
- Total yield price per hectare- 3,84,000 INR to 4,48,000 INR
Total profit on 1kg mangoes- 30 INR
Overall profit per hectare per cycle- 3,50,000 INR to 4,10,000 INR