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Goat farming, project report(20+1), requirements, investment, and profit in 2022

People are encouraged to start a goat farm after seeing the profit of other goat farms. Although it is a good business model, people don't care about the consequences of bad implementation and lack of knowledge. 

So we suggest you get physical training first and then follow this project model.

Let's understand how to develop goat farms, goat breeds, methods of implementation, precautions, investment, and profit of goat farming business on 20+1 goats.

Goat farming 

Working of goat farming business model

The goat farming business works for two purposes; for meat and milk.

For 20 goats, people usually take 1 male-goat, but sometimes you can take 2, it depends on you. Reason is simple, because people believe that 1 is a lucky number.

People consume Goat meat more than goat milk, which is why most people establish it for meat. But actually, a bigger number of goats can generate a good income from milk alone.

To raise goats for meat,  there is a principle of increasing production. 

Goat produce at least 3 to 4 goat baby(male and female) per year. After few time from birth, a small goat become ready to sell for meat or to someone who wants to start a new business. 

More goats produce more lambs, which means more profit. You can keep females to expand business.  

Goat farming project report

Training for goat farming business

People who think they can directly adapt, apply and easily get success in goat farming, are wrong.

Without training, one can never learn about the consequences of bad implementation of the idea. 

So before getting started, we suggest you practice at least for 10 days in your local farms or scientific branch, which is not a long period. If seems it a hard thing to you, then at least visit 4 to 5 goat farms in your locality to get knowledge of the implementation of the idea and help.

Goat farming project report (for 20+1 goats)

Investment in goat farming 

In goat farming, your investment depends on two phases; initial and each cycle.

In initial investment, you need to invest in land, housing, goat buying, training, electricity, and water connection. 

In each cycle of business(6 months), you need to invest in feeding, watering, electricity, marketing, vaccination. 

Initial investment

  • Land cost(40 square meters)- 60000 to 80000 INR
  • Housing or shed- 60000 to 70000 INR
  • Animals buying

20-female- 100000 to 120000 INR

1 he-goat- 7000 INR

Total- 225000 to 270000 INR as an initial one-time investment

Cost each cycle per year

  • Fodder(for 20+1 goats) 

      Green fodder+dry fodder- 60000 INR/6 months 

  • Vaccination- 60000 INR/6 Months
  • Watering- 5000 INR/6 Months
  • Electricity bill- 1200 INR/6 Months 
  • Labor cost- 36000 INR/6 Months
  • Maintenance- 20000 INR/6 Months

Total- 180000 INR to 220000 INR/6 months

Requirements to start goat farming 

Structure of land

An area of 1.5x1 square meters is enough for 1 goat. From which, a total 40 square meter area is fully comfortable for 20+1 goats.

The land must be divided into 21 parts for all the goats, also must have some space during their pregnancy. 

Shed for goats

During the process of making a house/shed for goats, include proper ventilation for them. Make the concrete waterproof walls. 

The roof of the shed can be of concrete but must heat optimistic in summers.

The housing must have proper windows for ventilation and management for the drain. 

Breed of goats

You will not get a successful goat farm, even after getting all the arrangements right if you do not have a good quality breed of goats.

Following are some Indian varieties of goat which are popular-  

  • Sirohi
  • Barbari
  • Jamnapari
  • Surati
  • Zalawadi
  • Beetal

Vaccination in early days 

The first thing, that will be better to do with your goats, is proper vaccination. It will help them to take care of infectious diseases. So you must arrange a veterinarian for this work. 

In case of fungal infections in their feet, nose, or private areas, provide them a proper treatment before let it forming a major problem. 

Check their health regularly every two weeks.

Don't forget to feed, water, and fresh air regularly.  

Fodder for goats 

It is better to provide both Green and Dry fodder to farm animals. Green and Dry fodder contain all the required elements.

Green fodder fulfill the requirement of elements like vitamin, minerals and dry fodder provide them protein, fat, and carbohydrate. 

Some people suggest providing both fodders at the same time,  which is a wrong method. A better way to provide them green fodder first and then dry fodder. It proves better for digestion and growth.

Green fodder- Berseem, Napier grass, Maize green, tooti grass, 

Dry fodder- Soyabin chaff, maize chaff, chick-peas chaff, wheat chaff, etc.

Remember, provide 70% green and 28 percent of dry fodder, and 2% of other nutrients to goats according to their  weight.

One goat consume 3 kg green fodder, 1 kg dry fodder daily. So 21 goats will consume 63 to 70 kg green fodder, 21 to 25 kg dry fodder daily.  

Monthly, it will become 2000 kg green fodder and 750 kg dry fodder. 

Electricity connection 

You must fix the electricity in the house to overcome the problem of heat in summer and low temperature in winters. 

In summers, you need to run exhaust fans and in winters you need to provide them heat through heaters. 

Meanwhile, electric bulbs for light in the night. 

Water quality

In rural areas, the main source of water is river water or underground water, which comes out through the hand pumps, tube wells, and submersibles.
In the case of goat farming, it is important to provide them good quality water, which must be bacteria and chemical-free. 
So underground water is good for goat farming. 
In a day, a goat consumes total 4 to 6 liter of fresh water, 3 to 4 steps. So 21 goats will consume 80 to 100 liter daily. 

Profit in Goat farming business

Profit margin in first half 

Selling amount- 20x4=80 (young goat)

80x6000=480000  INR/6 months

Net profit= Selling amount - (Initial investment+first cycle investment) = 480000-45000 INR= 30000 INR

So the net profit for the first cycle of 6 months will be around 30000 INR(if land cost included), otherwise 100000 INR(parental land).

Profit margin from next cycle

From the next cycle, you will get again the same amount from selling= 480000 INR.

But the net profit will be= 480000-220000= 260000 INR.

So overall you will get 260000+30000= 290000 INR In the first year of investment.

It will become around 350000 INR if you already own land.

From the next year if you continue with 20+1 goats, then it will become more profitable, which is around 500000 INR per year.  

Is goat farming profitable in India?

You can say yes but in longer aspects. The goat farming project is not as simple as people think it is as similar as dairy or poultry farming. 

The Goat farming business theme is far different from the dairy farming project.  The goat farming business particularly develops to increase the number of goats and directly sell in the market. On the other side, dairy farming does develop to produce milk primarily. 

The goat farming business can be successful in countries like India if every factor and condition favours the goats. 

According to the principle of the goat farming business, from the third year of goat farming, you get a larger profit margin. In later years, it increases rapidly and extends to a huge established business project. 

Precautions in goat farming

  • Don't start a goat farming business without proper training in handling the business, even if you are a farmer.
  • The breeding of lambs depends on the area you live. If someone is interested in the Sirohi breed,  you must have it, and if they are interested in a different than straight, you must do cross-breeding. 
  • Provide the animals proper vaccination as require.
  • Maintain a proper hygienic place.
  • Maintain the temperature in summer and winters with proper cooling and heating system.
  • Provide a doctor facility every three months or as required to rid out the diseases and fungal infections.
  • Remember, the water they consume must be clean and fresh. 
  • Their feeding must be regular and full of necessary elements within.
  • Don't let them hurt themselves during pregnancy because of overweight.
  • Clean the place properly and provide privacy for the first few days after delivery. 
  • Be gentle to handle your goats and raise them. 
  • Fodder in goat farming business
  • It is better to provide both Green and Dry fodder to farm animals. Green and Dry fodder contain all the required elements.
  • Some people suggest providing both fodders at the same time,  which is a wrong method. A better way to provide them green fodder first and then dry fodder. It proves better for digestion. 
  • Green fodder- Berseem, Napier grass, Maize green, tooti grass, 
  • Dry fodder- Soyabin chaff, maize chaff, chick-peas chaff, wheat chaff, etc.

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